New words – 15 July 2013

cat cafe noun a cafe in which there are cats that the customers can pet as they enjoy their coffee, etc.

Popular in Japan, cat cafes are a haven for lovers of all things feline, where customers can stroke, pet and coo over the animals

[www.bbc.co.uk 12 January 2013]

emoji noun an icon used in electronic messages and webpages, originally in Japan but now available more widely

Emoji icons are a lot of fun and special characters can be extremely useful, but the standard way of opening the character viewer panel isn’t the smoothest in the world.

[http://osxdaily.com 9 January 2013]

Rejected, dejected and with post-virginity statement hair. Talks in ritalin emoji-speak.

[Grazia (UK celebrity magazine) 14 January 2013]

pawdicure abbreviation a pedicure for a dog

Our DELUXE Pawdicure includes the above mentioned filing but also includes one of 2 options – a soothing Aloe based foot cream to make your pet’s paw pads feel great or nail painting the color of your choice!

[www.bestmobilepetgrooming.com/pawdicures.php 16 January 2013]

About new words

New words – 8 July 2013

bedroom tax noun a reduction in the amount of housing benefit given to people who have a spare bedroom in their property

A mum of two from Peterborough is bracing herself to become one of the first victims of the Government’s so-called ‘bedroom tax’.

[www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk 6 March 2013]

full nest syndrome noun the stress suffered by middle-aged people who share their homes with grown-up children who cannot afford to move out and infirm, aged parents who they care for

‘Full nest syndrome’ stress for parents because more couples are living with three generations under one roof

[www.dailymail.co.uk 28 January 2013]

spare room subsidy noun another phrase for ‘bedroom tax’

It wasn’t one of the Labour leader’s better performances. By contrast, David Cameron’s response was robust. It’s not a tax, the PM insisted, offering his own label for the issue: ‘the Spare Room Subsidy’.

[http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk 25 January 2013]

About new words

Just a sliver!

by Kate Woodford

sliverWe’re still looking at food and drink this month, or more particularly, the words that we use to refer to pieces and quantities. (There are a surprising number of them, each with a slightly different meaning.)

We’ll start with food. Many words for pieces of food refer specifically to the shape or size of the piece, and some refer to both. A very thin slice of food may be called a sliver: She took a sharp knife and cut a sliver of cheese.  A hunk of food, such as bread or cheese, is a big, thick piece of it, often with no clear shape: He pulled off a great hunk of bread. Chunks are fairly large, roughly cut pieces of food: big chunks of meat in gravy/Cut the vegetables roughly into chunks. A slab is a large, thick, flat slice of food, such as meat or cheese: I didn’t really fancy a big slab of meat. A wedge of food, meanwhile, is a piece in the shape of a triangle: a wedge of lemon/cheese. Continue reading “Just a sliver!”

Janus Words – Two-faced English

By Hugh Rawson

HughAs if reading and writing English is not difficult enough, the language includes a number of words with opposite meanings within themselves. These are often called Janus words, after Janus, the Roman god of doors and beginnings. (January, the first month of the year, is named for him.) Janus usually was represented in art as having two bearded faces that faced in opposite directions, as do doors — and as do Janus words.

Among the most commonly encountered Janus words are cleave, hew, and sanction. For example, one can be said to cleave a block of wood, meaning to split it, or to cleave to one’s principles, meaning to cling to them. Hew is almost synonymous in both senses. When a lumberjack hews a tree, he is cutting it down, but a politician who hews to a party platform, or a party line, is adhering closely to it. (Party line, by the way, usually is associated with the Communist Party, but is a lot older:  Senator Thomas Hart Benton of Missouri used it in a political context in a memoir published in 1854.) Sanction, meanwhile, may refer either to formal approval or permission, as in “Some states now sanction gay marriage,” or to an official ban, penalty, or deterrent, as in “The Treasury Department has imposed sanctions on Japan’s biggest organized-crime syndicate, known as the yakuza” (New York Times, Feb. 24, 2012). Continue reading “Janus Words – Two-faced English”

New words – 1 July 2013

ghosting noun the theft of the identity of someone who has died

The good news here is that surviving family members are ultimately not responsible for charges (or for legitimate debts of the dead) But ghosting can still cause plenty of angst.

[AARP Bulletin (over-50’s magazine) March 2013]

litter vigilante noun a person who takes it upon themselves to pick up litter in public places

Unpaid army of litter vigilantes tackles Britain’s tide of rubbish

[www.guardian.co.uk (title) 17 February 2013]

picker noun a person who takes it upon themselves to pick up litter in public places

Meanwhile, websites such as litterheroes.co.uk spring up to reveal the true numbers of ‘pickers’ out there alongside the increasingly popular community litter picks such as Keep Britain Tidy […]

[www.guardian.co.uk 17 February 2013]

About new words

New words – 24 June 2013

camping noun in computer gaming, staying in one place in order to gain a strategic advantage (often in a way that is considered unfair)

I have noticed a lot of Camping going on recently, why do they do it?

[http://uk.gamespot.com 10 February 2013]

catfishing noun informal the practice of lying about yourself in an online environment in order to impress others, especially to lure someone into a relationship

Believe it or not, a little controlled catfishing is something that plenty of the Instant Message generation has experimented with, even if we’re unwilling to admit it. Really, who hasn’t tried to escape their reality by pretending to be a 17-year-old varsity baseball player in an N SYNC chat room every now and then?

[http://jezebel.com 30 January 2013]

farming noun in a computer game, carrying out repetitive actions in the same area, for example repeatedly attacking someone, in order to build up points

Game Front has also made clear that it believed the ‘farming’ of resources within Dead Space 3 should not be equated with in-game purchases.

[www.bbc.co.uk 07 February 2013]

About new words

Yet More Yiddish

By Hugh Rawson

HughYiddish has enriched the English language with many lively, often earthy contributions to everyday speech.  A previous post listed a number of examples of what is sometimes called Yinglish. Here are some more:

kibitz. To look on at a card game or other activity in an officious way; by extension, to stick one’s nose into another person’s business. The person who does this is a kibitzer. The word stems from the German name of a bird, kiebitz, the lapwing or pewit, a member of the plover family. The lapwing has long symbolized forwardness because it is so active so soon after hatching. This is the bird that is often portrayed in cartoons as running around with its head still in its shell. Continue reading “Yet More Yiddish”

New words – 17 June 2013

brass ceiling noun the difficulty that women face in rising to high positions in the military

Despite that pledge, four women recently sued Panetta and the Pentagon, saying the ban was a ‘brass ceiling’ hindering their advancement through the ranks.

[http://nation.time.com 24 January 2013]

It’s Time to Smash the Brass Ceiling.

[www.huffingtonpost.com [headline] 29 January 2013]

CFBC abbreviation child-free by choice

Like Ruby, I am child-free by choice (CFBC) and proud of it.

[Grazia (UK celebrity magazine) 28 January 2013]

the grass ceiling noun the barrier to promotion in business that is caused by a person’s inability to play golf or to join the the right golf club

IBM chief held back by “grass ceiling”

[www.gqemploymentlaw.com (title) 16 January 2013]

About new words

A sad farewell

Hugh Hugh Rawson, a regular contributor to the Cambridge Dictionaries Online blog for the first two and a half years of its existence, died unexpectedly on June 1st. He was 76.

Hugh’s love of the English language was evident in his posts. All aspects of the language engaged him, and his enthusiasm came through in his writing. He also loved talking about words with others, as can be seen from the responses to readers he posted in the Comments. He loved puns and word play, and was fascinated by the ways words can be used to disguise or expose the truth. Hugh felt that people – especially politicians – are too easily tempted to obfuscate what they mean, and he was amused by linguistic efforts to disguise reality, especially with regard to bodily functions, behind “polite” terms. He understood the power that language can have, and the responsibility we all share to use language wisely, and well.

His three books about language – Rawson’s Dictionary of Euphemisms & Other Doubletalk, Wicked Words (which covers personal insults, ethnic slurs, political attacks, and the so-called four-letter words, among others), and Devious Derivations which explores folk etymologies) – are classics in the field. He also wrote Unwritten Laws: The Unofficial Rules of Life as Handed Down by Murphy and other Sages and, with his wife, Margaret Miner, co-authored five dictionaries of quotations: The Oxford Dictionary of American Quotations, The New International Dictionary of Quotations, A Dictionary of Quotations from the Bible, A Dictionary of Quotations from Shakespeare, and the American Heritage Dictionary of Quotations.

Earlier in his career, Hugh worked as an editor at various New York publishing houses. I was lucky enough to land a job as his assistant when I started to work in publishing, and learned a great deal from him not just about how to deal with the text on a page (or, later, on a screen) but about how to deal with the people whose work is being published and the colleagues who are also involved in that effort. His warmth, intelligence, and decency touched everyone who came into contact with him and served as an example. It was an honor, all these years after he first took me under his wing, to be able to publish his posts and bring his insights to a new audience.

All of us at Cambridge Dictionaries Online who worked with Hugh were touched by his humanity. We will miss him, and we suspect a lot of you will miss him too. He was, to use a term from one of his last posts, a real mensch.

by Paul Heacock

New words – 10 June 2013

benefit tourism noun travel to the UK with the intention of taking advantage of the benefit system

‘Benefit tourism’ must end, Foreign Secretary William Hague has said, ahead of the lifting of work restrictions on Romanians and Bulgarians.

[www.bbc.co.uk 3 March 2013]

boatel noun a boat that is a hotel

Ahoy there! Revealed, the world’s best ‘boatels’ which allow you to stay beside the sea without getting your feet wet

[www.dailymail.co.uk 13 March 2013]

bug-out bag noun informal a bag that contains items needed in an emergency and that is ready for a person to take if they have to leave quickly in the event of a disaster

During his presentation, Mr. Charles suggested that a well-prepared bug-out bag was only part of the equation: just as important was knowing where to go.

[New York Times (US broadsheet) 27 January 2013]

About new words